Multi-Energy Trading Mechanism Design for Electricity-Hydrogen Hybrid Charging Stations

This paper proposes a mechanism for multi-energy trading in electricity-hydrogen hybrid charging stations (EHCSs), which is suitable for both electric vehicles (EVs) and hydrogen vehicles (HVs). Unlike previous research focusing on energy allocation at the system level, this study emphasizes vehicle-level energy trading. The proposed mechanism includes an EHCS aggregator that functions as an auctioneer, managing energy transactions with EVs and HVs. EHCSs can bidirectionally trade electricity with EVs but only sell hydrogen to HVs. Vehicles submit strategic energy trading bids to maximize their individual utilities. Based on these bids, the EHCS aggregator allocates electricity and hydrogen to vehicles to optimize social welfare. Following this allocation, EVs and HVs buy or sell corresponding energy and make payments according to a designed pricing rule. The Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) auction mechanism is employed to price both electricity and hydrogen. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and validate its key properties.