Implementation of Hardware in Loop Control in Evaluating Non Road Mobile Machines Powertrain

Non-Road Mobile Machineries (NRMM) covers a wide range of applications, and it is estimated that NRMM accounts for 2% of GHG emission in Europe. While CO<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> is not regulated, exhaust pollutants from NRMM are regulated depending on power category, engine and fuel type with a significant difference observed between real world emission and engine test. This paper investigates the implementation of hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) control simulation of an engine dynamometer to evaluate different alternate fuels in hybrid powertrain operations emulating the real operating environment of a working machine. The paper focuses on the implementation of HIL control communication interface between an engine dynamometer and a real time controller. Two alternate fuels are tested under various control strategies utilizing the measured load cycle of the working machine in the HIL experimental setup. The overall powertrain efficiency, CO<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> emissions and engine performance are compared and analyzed under different use cases.