Annual 30-m maps of global grassland class and extent (2000–2022) based on spatiotemporal Machine Learning
The paper describes the production and evaluation of global grassland extent mapped annually for 2000-2022 at 30 m spatial resolution. The dataset showing the spatiotemporal distribution of cultivated and natural/semi-natural grassland classes was produced by using GLAD Landsat ARD-2 image archive, accompanied by climatic, landform and proximity covariates, spatiotemporal machine learning (per-class Random Forest) and over 2.3 M reference samples (visually interpreted in Very High Resolution imagery). Custom probability thresholds (based on five-fold spatial cross-validation) were used to derive dominant class maps with balanced user's and producer's accuracy, resulting in f1 score of 0.64 and 0.75 for cultivated and natural/semi-natural grassland, respectively. The produced maps (about 4 TB in size) are available under an open data license as Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFFs and as Google Earth Engine assets. The suggested uses of data include (1) integration with other compatible land cover products and (2) tracking the intensity and drivers of conversion of land to cultivated grasslands and from natural / semi-natural grasslands into other land use systems.
Authors
- Tomislav Hengl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-5129)
- Steffen Ehrmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2958-0796)
- Lindsey Sloat (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2986-9725)
- Leandro Parente (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1589-0467)
- Nathália Teles (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4265-3080)
- Ana Paula Mattos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9442-4589)
- Murat Şahin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4143-1467)
- Carmelo Bonannella (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5391-8427)
- Carsten Meyer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3927-5856)
- Ichsani Wheeler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9425-9157)
- Steffen Fritz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0420-8549)
- M. O. Hunter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6449-9718)
- Davide Consoli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4007-2896)
- Fred Stolle (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3961-8591)
- Radost Stanimirova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9617-5830)
- Žiga Malek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6981-6708)
- Laerte Guimarães Ferreira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-1141)
- Bernard Oliveira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1311-1116)
- Vinícius Vieira Mesquita (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0400-4087)
- Martijn Witjes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-6478)
Institutions
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (AT)
- World Resources Institute (US)
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (DE)
- Center For Remote Sensing (United States) (US)
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (DE)
- Open University of the Netherlands (NL)
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Leipzig University (DE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Scientific Data
- Published
- 2024-12-11
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-04139-6
- Citations
- 25
- Primary Topic
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 11.47
Funders
- European Commission
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Deutsches Zentrum für integrative Biodiversitätsforschung Halle-Jena-Leipzig
- HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme