Cellular Regulation and Oncogenesis of Primary Tumors in the Central Nervous System

Abstract The World Health Organization's system for classifying and grading primary tumors of the Central Nervous System conjectures the clinical-biological course of the oncogenic process based on morphological, genetic, histological, and immunohistochemical parameters. These principles are fundamental for a progression in the classification of these tumors, to guarantee the promotion of a more precise diagnosis. In this sense, it is important to understand the process of oncotic cell formation, which is the result of mutations in intra and extracellular control pathways. In this way, genes that act to induce the cell cycle, under normal conditions, when mutated, can result in a dysregulation of the progress of the cycle, causing alterations in the control factors and, consequently, phenotypic transformations in the cell. Thus, to understand the role of genes in modulating primary tumors in the Central Nervous System, mutations in the genes most prevalently related to Gliomas, Meningiomas, and Medulloblastomas were addressed highlighting their influences on the development of these tumors.