Legal Certainty for Unregistered Land Rights Holders in Lebo Jaya Village, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

The aim of this research is to analyze the legal certainty for land rights holders who are not identified in systematic land registration activities and to determine the legal consequences for those land rights holders. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with an empirical normative approach, relying on secondary data through a descriptive study and analysis of statutory regulations and relevant literature. The research findings are as follows: (1) Legal certainty for land rights holders who are not identified in systematic land registration: The UUPA mandates that guaranteeing legal certainty for land rights is essential. Land rights holders not identified in PTSL activities lack legal certainty, as accurate and valid physical and juridical data are foundational for establishing legal certainty. A party who abandons their land without transferring authority to another party may be deemed to have abandoned it, thus categorizing the land as State land. Similarly, a party who takes control of the land cannot be considered the rightful holder unless they can prove their physical control over the land in good faith. (2) Legal consequences for land rights holders who are not identified in systematic land registration: A party claiming entitlement may lose their land rights and can seek to regain them through litigation or non-litigation, in accordance with statutory regulations. Rights holders who have received state legalization in the form of a certificate (Cluster 1), such as through PTSL, will have their rights protected and can use their land rights according to the designation or carry out legal actions on the land. This protection is not available to parties who feel they have rights but are not identified in PTSL activities. Dispute resolution through litigation typically occurs when the parties involved cannot reach an amicable agreement through non-litigation or out-of-court settlement methods. Parties to the dispute can also file complaints with the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency, Regional Office, or Land Office, as per their authority, to obtain resolution in accordance with statutory provisions.