Synergistic Nutraceutical Effects of Aqueous Extracts from Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa oleifera: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Gastric Ulcer Management

Abstract BACKGROUND: Gastric ulcers pose a significant health challenge globally, leading to morbidity and impacting quality of life. These ulcers result from the erosion of the gastric lining, compromising its role as the body’s first defense against pathogens. Traditional treatments often come with side effects and high costs, prompting a shift toward herbal remedies as viable nutraceutical options. This study investigates the combined nutraceutical effects of aqueous extracts from Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) and Moringa oleifera (drumstick tree) to evaluate their potential in enhancing gastric mucosal protection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 35 Wistar rats were assigned to seven groups. The first group served as a control, receiving only standard feed and water, while the remaining groups were administered a single dose of indomethacin (40 mg/kg) to induce gastric ulcers. Following ulcer induction, various treatments were applied, including standard care with omeprazole and different doses of the herbal extracts. After 21 days, the rats were euthanized, and gastric tissues were collected for analysis. RESULTS: The study revealed significant healing of the gastric mucosa in rats treated with the combined extracts of Vernonia amygdalina and M. oleifera . Histological examination showed marked restoration of tissue integrity and a reduction in ulcer indices, suggesting a synergistic effect of the two herbs in promoting gastric health. CONCLUSION: The findings support the hypothesis that the combination of V. amygdalina and M. oleifera offers a promising dietary therapy for gastric ulcers, highlighting the potential of herbal medicine in strategic healthcare approaches for gastrointestinal disorders.