Trend of most common risk factors causing all deaths before the Covid-19 pandemic around the World

This study aims to investigate the proportion of different risk factors in deaths at all ages during the years 1990–2019 in all WHO regions and different regions based on Sustainable Development Index (SDI). Data used in this research is collected by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), who is responsible for Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) in most countries of the world by analyzing the risk factors of various diseases. Data is visualized in two phases of ranking and trend, which were ranked 4 time points including 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2019, and the risk factors were ranked based on their proportions among deaths. Also, the changes in the disease rank at each time point were determined compared to the previous point. In 2019, the highest proportional death ratio was attributed to metabolic risk which accounted for 34.93%, 31.07% and 32.84% of the causes of death among women, men and both sexes, respectively. Dietary risk (13.45%) was ranked as the second cause of death among women, while tobacco was among men (21.39%) and both sexes (14.45%). Air pollution was the third cause of death among women with 11.31%, while dietary risk was the third one among men (14.55%) and both sexes (14.05). Considering the role of metabolic syndrome in people suffering from cardiovascular diseases, stroke, type 2 diabetes and cancers, it seems that this risk factor has caused an increase in deaths around the world.