Diagnosis of Common Defects in Heritage Buildings Resulting out of Inadequate Conservation Practices: A Case Study of George Town, Malaysia

Malaysia's rich cultural heritage and historical structures confront a critical conservation challenge amid neglect and environmental pressures. This study delves into the imperative for preservation, focusing on George Town, Penang, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Employing qualitative and quantitative methods, the research attempts to identify and examine common defects in these architectural gems through on-site visualisation and observation. Defects identified encompass cracks, peeling paint, architectural feature deterioration, structural instability, and damage from environmental factors towards the building's architectural elements. The study illuminates these common defects' prevalence and spatial distribution through comprehensive analysis, offering insight into the challenges facing George Town's heritage buildings. In addition to enhancing the researchers’ understanding of heritage building vulnerabilities, this research also contributes to the framework of sustainable conservation efforts crucial for heritage conservation amidst rapid urban development and globalisation.