A novel framework for leveraging geological environment big data to assess sustainable development goals

<p>Geological environmental big data (GEBD) offers a significant opportunity for the comprehensive monitoring of the Earth’s shallow structures, dynamic processes, and their interactions among surface spheres, promisingly contributing to the precise assessment of sustainable development goals (SDGs). To systematically harness the potential of GEBD in SDG assessment, an innovative framework has been developed to address current challenges through a four-dimensional observation network, a strategy of integrating GEBD into SDG indicators, and a knowledge-driven association-mining method. This framework potentially provides a series of positive and profound impacts, ranging from technology development and environmental conservation to enhanced public awareness.</p>