Modeling and Analysis of the Electrical Signal Transmission Mechanism of an Electronic Analgesic Apparatus

Objective: This study analyzes the transmission of the current signal of an electronic analgesic apparatus in arm muscles and provides a theoretical foundation for electrical stimulation analgesia. Methods: By combining human anatomy and tissue structure, a numerical simulation-based finite element model of the electronic analgesic apparatus is established using a frustum, cylinder, and ellipsoid as geometric entities in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5. In the frequency domain environment, the transmission mechanism of the signal in the arm is analyzed by inputting current signals of 100 kHz, 1 MHz, and 10 MHz with an amplitude of ±20 mA. Results: With a continuous increase in carrier frequency, the effect of skin tissue becomes increasingly clear, and the signal becomes increasingly concentrated in the part of the skin that contacts the electrode. Moreover, diffusion inside the volume conductor loses consistency. At 100 kHz, as the communication distance from the electrode center gradually increases, the signal spreads more evenly within the arm. Conclusions: In the process of implementing a muscle soreness treatment using the electronic analgesic apparatus, a higher communication frequency makes it more difficult for the signal to enter the interior of the body and degrade the consistency of the signal. Therefore, the signal electrode should be placed as close as possible to the analgesic target area during the implementation of electric current analgesia.