Caring for Patients Experiencing Incarceration: Development of an Online Learning Resource for Physicians in Training

Many patients experiencing incarceration (PEI) in the United States (U.S.) have significant and complex medical conditions that require offsite consultation and hospitalization. Physicians in our academic medical system report that their education in caring for PEI is limited. We developed an online learning resource for physicians who care for PEI within our institution. Development included project planning, content development, iterative graphical design, feedback incorporation from key constituents, including individuals previously incarcerated, and module launch. The e-module was designed with a graphic user interface including video and case simulations. The curriculum includes background information on the U.S. carceral system, the basics of carceral health care, ethical considerations for community-based health care workers (introducing concepts of "dual loyalty" and examining patient privacy and autonomy for PEI), and policy and procedural considerations specific to our health care system. Future directions include disseminating the module to practicing physicians, advanced practice providers, and other allied health professionals (such as nursing, social work, and skilled therapists) and collecting feedback on user engagement. Institutions and groups wishing to improve care for this vulnerable patient population can implement training to address limitations in knowledge and confidence among staff and providers.