Efficient data processing in C-V2X with dynamic sharding blockchain and zero-knowledge proofs

The advent of Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) technology has revolutionized intelligent transportation systems (ITS), but poses challenges for secure and efficient data sharing due to its dynamic nature. Traditional centralised systems are inadequate, prompting the need for decentralised solutions like blockchain. However, applying blockchain technologies in C-V2X always faces scalability issues. This paper proposes a scalable C-V2X blockchain network integrating dynamic attribute-based sharding and zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs). Our system ensures scalability in the C-V2X environment through sharding while utilising ZKPs to enhance cross-shard validation efficiency, reducing its complexity to O(1). Additionally, our approach reduces bandwidth consumption by 90.8% compared to Merkle tree-based solutions.