Interpretive Criticism in (Al-Tibyan by Al-Tusi) and (Bihar Al-Anwar by Al-Majlisi) in The Field of The Reasons for Revelation: A Comparative Study

This article explored the exegetical criticism in al-Tibyan by Al-Tusi and Bihar al-Anwar by Al-Majlisi, focusing on the foundations of revelation and their importance in understanding the verses of the Holy Qur’an. The research deals with how the reasons for revelation contributed to the analysis of Qur’anic concepts and their impact on the Arabs and the Companions, in addition to their role in depicting the nature of societies at that time. We find that the study of the causes of revelation is characterized by its pure transmission, but researchers express their critical efforts in this field despite the lack of criticism compared to other sciences of the Qur’an. The article highlights how al-Tusi and al-Majlisi practiced interpretive criticism with all their skills in analyzing the reasons for revelation. Some believe that their criticism is limited to accepting or rejecting hadiths, while the research denies this narrow understanding. The researcher starts from a descriptive and analytical method, directing his focus to trace the criticism of the two sheikhs and analyze it in similar contexts, which complicates a comprehensive comparison between their criticism and the criticism of other commentators. The research methodology is manifested in a careful and objective investigation of the sources of criticism, which helps provide insight into the role of interpretive criticism in the field of reasons for revelation.