Criminal Liability of Legal Entities for a Just and Equitable Society: A Theoretic and Empirical Case

Objective: This article examines the main provisions of criminal liability of legal entities in a comparative context, focusing on the prevention of corporate crimes and the establishment of justice in law enforcement practices. The aim of the study is to develop and substantiate effective mechanisms that promote responsible corporate behavior and ensure that economic activities contribute to sustainable development and human well-being. Method: The research also aims to provide recommendations for enhancing current legal frameworks to better address corporate misconduct, emphasizing the role that criminal liability can play in fostering economic security, fair competition, and social equity. Results and Discussion: The findings highlight key aspects of implementing robust legal mechanisms to combat corporate crime. The conclusions emphasize that by adopting international best practices and adapting them to the local context, it is possible to create an effective legal framework. Research Implications: This framework will help to reduce corporate crime rates, strengthen economic security, and improve the overall business climate in the country. Originality/Value: The relevance of the study is underscored by the growing importance of addressing corporate crime in a way that aligns with human lifestyle considerations and the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Criminal liability of legal entities is important for achieving SDG 16 ("Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions") and SDG 8 ("Decent Work and Economic Growth").