DNA Evidence In Criminal Justice System: Admissibility, Reliability, And Accuracy

DNA's significance extends to forensic science, where DNA profiling, introduced in 1986, has revolutionized criminal investigations and judicial processes. DNA profiling differentiates individuals based on unique genetic sequences, aiding in identifying suspects, establishing biological relationships, and solving crimes, even from minimal or degraded samples. Judicial scrutiny of DNA evidence ensures its credibility, as seen in notable cases. Significance- The study explores the pivotal role of forensic DNA profiling in modern criminal justice. Landmark cases, such as the conviction of Colin Pitchfork and the resolution of paternity disputes, underscore DNA profiling's transformative role. Despite the lack of specific legislation in some regions, DNA evidence is increasingly recognized for its reliability and accuracy. Objectives- This research examines the impact of DNA profiling in forensic science, focusing on its reliability, legal admissibility, and methodological advancements. It also highlights the stringent protocols essential for maintaining DNA evidence's integrity and the legal frameworks guiding its admissibility. It also analyses the reliability and accuracy of DNA evidence. Methodology- The research is completed by using Doctrinal method while analysing the secondary data obtained from journal articles, books, landmark cases. Findings- The findings emphasize DNA profiling's pivotal role in enhancing the accuracy of criminal investigations and reinforcing public confidence in the justice system, advocating for continuous advancements and adherence to rigorous standards in forensic science.