Exploring the Next Frontier in Wireless Communication: 5G and Beyond for Enhanced Reliability and Low Latency in IoT and Autonomous Technologies

This research focuses on how 5G and beyond technologies might be the game changers in the reliability, low latency, efficiency, and improvement of IoT and autonomous systems, such as electric vehicles. It addresses the advancements of 5G and 6G-based communication networks integrated with machine learning and edge computing to enhance vehicle performance, energy management, and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. Extensive experimentation conducted greatly led to the discovery of important improvements in response time. Latency was reduced by as much as 45 per cent when compared with 4G networks, and this meant that 6G enabled potential increases of up to 60 per cent over data throughput and reliability in high-density environments. In addition to that, AI application towards predictive maintenance and battery optimization led to an increase of up to 30 per cent for energy efficiency, and for applications of such intelligence in a more sustainable EV system. The results further reveal the promise of AI-based security and an ML-based 25% reduction in network vulnerabilities as compared with traditional security protocols. The results inform the transformative capability of the next generations of communication technologies to fulfil their scope in remodelling the future of electric vehicles and autonomous systems. Future research will focus on overcoming present infrastructure deficiencies and improving the algorithms behind real-time decision-making processes towards support of scalable, energy-efficient, and secure EV ecosystems.