Methane Hydrate Formation in the Presence of Magnetic Fields: Laboratory Studies and Molecular-Dynamics Simulations

One of the enigmas associated with natural gas hydrates relates to their formation and stabilization under certain conditions. Given the ubiquity of methane hydrates in marine sediments and permafrost milieus, their environmental significance is clear. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive investigation on the formation process of methane hydrates in the presence of magnetic fields of various strengths, given the already-established environmental performance of the Earth’s magnetic field. Laboratory measurements were carried out with the support from molecular-dynamics simulations to glean insights into molecular scale mechanisms. Our findings revealed an inhibiting effect of magnetic fields on hydrate formation kinetics, which could be attributed to the strengthening of intermolecular interactions and the slowing of diffusion of water and methane molecules. The impact of magnetic fields appeared to be mostly kinetic in nature with little impact on hydrate stability. This clarification may offer a fresh perspective on the dynamics of liquid–solid transformation during the hydrate formation process, signaling critical interests in both natural and industrial applications.