Biological characteristics of age-related changes in C57BL/6 mice sub-strains in the national center for geriatrics and gerontology aging farm

Aging is a complex biological process. Several animal models, including nematodes, Drosophila, and rodents, have been used in research on aging mechanisms and the extension of healthy life expectancy. The present study investigated the physiological and anatomical changes associated with aging in two sub-strains of aged C57BL/6 mice used in aging research: C57BL/6NCrSlc (B6N) and C57BL/6J (B6J). The survival rate before 24 months old (mo) was higher in B6J mice than in B6N mice; however, after 24 mo, it was markedly lower in the former than in the latter. Body weight increased in male C57BL/6 mice until 15-18 mo and in females until 21-24 mo and then began to decrease. Body temperature was lower in B6N mice than in B6J mice until 24 mo. Food and water intakes increased from 18 mo in both strains. The incidence of alopecia was higher in female C57BL/6J mice from 3 mo. Necropsy findings showed a high rate of spontaneous tumors in both sub-strains. The incidence of cutaneous ulcerative infections and hepatic pathologies was significantly higher in the B6N strain. A high incidence of renal lesions was also observed in B6J mice, particularly in males. These results provide insights into the characteristics of these sub-strains and the phenotypic changes associated with aging, which will facilitate the use of aged mice as a quality resource for geriatric and gerontological research.