Graphene Oxide Decorated SiO₂/Fe₃O₄ as a Recyclable Catalyst for the Green Synthesis of Novel Thiazinoazepines via Multicomponent Reaction of Isatoic Anhydrides: Cytotoxic Activity and Theoretical Study

ABSTRACT This work investigated the use of a complex technique including isatoic anhydrides, α‐haloketones, electron‐deficient acetylenic compounds, ammonium acetate, and isothiocyanates in a water‐based solution at normal room temperature in the presence of SiO 2 /Fe 3 O 4 @Graphene Oxide. The goal was to generate novel thiazinoazepine molecules with significant yields. The thiazinoazepines that have been synthesized contain NH functional groups with acidic protons and demonstrate notable antioxidant activity. The (3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide), MTT assay was utilized to evaluate the cytotoxicity of all the synthesized compounds in vitro against cancer cell lines (MCF‐7 and A549) as well as normal cell lines). Cytotoxicity refers to the ability of a compound to kill cells. The derivative 6e was shown to be the most potent cytotoxic agent, similar to doxorubicin in its lack of selectivity. Alternatively, compound 6b might be considered as a compound that is equally effective but more selective than doxorubicin. Quantum chemical approaches utilizing density functional theory have been utilized to enhance comprehension of reaction mechanisms. The used technology for synthesizing thiazinoazepines provides several advantages, including rapid reaction kinetics, outstanding product yield, and straightforward product isolation.