Robust Power Self-Balancing Control for Wind-Hydrogen Direct-Connected System

Harnessing wind power through hydrogen offers a promising renewable energy solution. Yet the intermittency of wind poses challenges in coordinating wind turbines and electrolyzers. To solve this problem, the wind-hydrogen power coordination control based on the dc bus voltage signal can be adopted. However, because of the mismatch between wind and hydrogen, the dc bus voltage exceeds the normal range frequently, which threatens the safe and stable operation of the system. Focusing on this challenge, this article first establishes a dynamic model of the dc bus voltage for the wind-hydrogen direct-connected system. Then, the fluctuation mechanism is analyzed through detailed mathematical derivations. On this basis, a robust power self-balancing control is proposed using an adaptive arc-tangent function to maintain the dc bus voltage within a proper range while ensuring rapid power matching between the wind turbine and electrolyzer under fluctuating conditions. Finally, the findings are validated through the corresponding wind-hydrogen direct-connected experiment platform.