Electrolyte imbalance monitoring following Transurethral Resection of the Prostate: A Descriptive Case Series Study

Background: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a widely performed procedure for managing urinary obstruction caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia. Despite its efficacy, TURP often results in postoperative electrolyte imbalances, which require careful monitoring and management to avoid complications. This study addresses a critical gap in the literature by examining the prevalence and severity of these imbalances within the local population of Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: This descriptive case series study was conducted in the Department of Urology at Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT) from September 12, 2018, to March 11, 2019. It included 200 patients aged 50 to 70 years undergoing TURP. The procedures were performed under spinal anesthesia with patients in the lithotomy position, the alterations in serum electrolyte levels were observed in each patient. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Results: This study included 200 patients aged 50-70 years (mean age: 60.32 years) undergoing TURP at SIUT. The mean BMI was 25.45 kg/m². Preoperative sodium levels averaged 136.52 mEq/L, decreasing to 133.15 mEq/L postoperatively. Preoperative potassium levels averaged 4.46 mEq/L, decreasing to 4.25 mEq/L postoperatively. Electrolyte derangement was observed in 49 patients (24.5%), with a significant mean sodium decrease of -9.75 mEq/L (p<0.01) and potassium decrease of -0.48 mEq/L (p=0.003) in these patients. Conclusion: Electrolyte imbalances are common following transurethral resection of the prostate and timely, appropriate correction can prevent significant morbidity and mortality.