Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Ramadan Fasting in Healthy Muslim Pregnant Women in Selangor

Ramadan fasting is a significant religious observance for Muslims worldwide. While exemptions exist for pregnant women, many choose to fast, raising questions about their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the health implications. This study aimed at evaluating the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Ramadan fasting among healthy Muslim pregnant women in Selangor. This cross-sectional study conducted from March to June 2024 in Selangor involved 300 healthy pregnant women by convenience sampling. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire via Google Forms, which collected data on demographics, medical and medication history, knowledge of Islamic fasting laws during pregnancy, attitudes towards fasting, common fasting practices, and adversities encountered during fasting. The study revealed an adequate understanding of Islamic law among both fasting and non-fasting groups, with no significant differences noted. Attitudes towards fasting were predominantly positive, though distinct differences emerged regarding beliefs about fasting's impact on foetal birth weight and concerns about weakness and fatigue. Despite these challenges, 64% of participants engaged in additional religious activities, demonstrating resilience and deep faith. While the majority of healthy Muslim pregnant women in Selangor are knowledgeable about the obligation of Ramadan fasting, many still have concerns about potential health impacts. The findings suggest that healthcare providers should offer tailored advice and support to pregnant women, ensuring they are well-informed about the obligations and potential risks associated with Ramadan fasting. This approach will help them make informed decisions while observing their religious duties.