TYPES OF CULTURAL COMMUNITIES OF THE PEOPLES OF THE SOUTHERN URALS AND THE URALS IN THE LIGHT OF R.G. KUZEEV'S CONCEPT

The materials of this publication were announced at the International Scientific and Practical Conference "Ethnos. Society. Civilization: VII Kuzeev Readings" (Ufa, September 26–27, 2024), dedicated to the 95th anni- versary of the outstanding ethnographer, ethnologist, organizer of science, public figure Rail Gumerovich Kuzeev. It is shown, that the scientific problem of intercultural interactions and mutual influences was formulated by R.G. Kuzeev as particularly relevant for a multiethnic region and was developed at the Institute of Ethnological Research of the UFIC RAS, which now bears his name, for many years. The possibility of its development associ- ated with the nomination by R.G. Kuzeev of the theory of the formation of the Volga-Ural historical and ethnolog- ical region, the organization of regional ethnographic science, the training of R.G. Kuzeev and his associates of scientific personnel – specialists in the field of ethnography and folklore of Turkic, East Slavic, Finno–Ugric and other peoples, conducting systematic field research in various fields ethnic cultures. The author of the publication, based on the theory and methodology of the WG. Kuzeeva characterizes the commonality of the cultures of the peoples of the Southern Urals and the Urals, which arose as result of the formation within the framework of one ethnogenetic core, and subsequently long-term ethnic interactions and mutual influences. The result of the study was the identification of a syncretic and synthetic ethnocultural community of Russians, Bashkirs, Tatars, Chu- vash, Udmurts, Mari, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Latvians, Kryashens. The musical folklore of the Chuvash and Udmurts shows the influence of Bashkirs and Tatars on the development of melodic ornamentation and pentatonics, as well as the formation of a Russian ethnocultural superstrate in the region. The ritual culture pro- vides examples of the perception of Bashkir and Tatar customs by the Chuvash, Mari and Udmurts (sapantuy among the Chuvash, diyyn among the Mari, ӟаӟег ыш among the Udmurts), and in recent years – the unification of many national holidays and rituals. The economic activity emphasizes the role of the Russian peasant popula- tion as an intermediary in the transfer of traditions from Western immigrants (Latvians, Ukrainians, Belarusians) to local ethnic groups. In the anthroponymy of peoples, general patterns established due to socio-economic pro- cesses and the prevailing ideology (names-Sovietism, international words) and the perception by some immi- grants, for example, Udmurts, of Turkic names that have become ethnically traditional.