Numerical and experimental validation of applicability of Froude's similitude modelling for RC beams

Experimental investigations are crucial in civil engineering, particularly in understanding complex structural behaviours. A common challenge faced by these investigations is linked to resource limitations, making full-scale testing often impractical. This challenge can be addressed by applying similitude theory, allowing for scaled-down experimental tests. This approach, however, has its limitations. Traditional similitude techniques for small-scale modelling may not accurately replicate full-scale behaviours or require special equipment like centrifuges, impacting cost-effectiveness. This paper is the first to propose addressing the observed inaccuracies using Froude similitude modelling for reinforced concrete (RC) beams. This innovative approach overcomes the limitations of traditional similitude techniques and offers a more cost-effective and practical solution for replicating full-scale behaviours. This modelling technique is first examined numerically. Then, suitable materials for small-scale models were identified and utilized to fabricate small-scale RC beams. The physical tests on the small-scale model beam and the equivalent full-scale prototype beam assured the validity of the scaling method.