Modulation of Bessel-like vector vortex beam using the resonant magneto-optical effect in rubidium vapor

Abstract The Bessel-like vector vortex beam (BlVVB) has gained increasing significance across numerous applications. However, its practical application is restricted by manufacturing difficulties and polarization manipulation. Thus, the ability to manipulate its degrees of freedom is highly desirable. In this paper, the full-domain polarization modulation of BlVVB within a hot atomic ensemble has been investigated. We begin with the theoretical analysis of the resonant magneto-optical effect of atoms with a horizontal linear-polarized beam and experimentally demonstrate precise manipulation of the polarization state across the entire domain of the BlVVB, achieving an error margin of less than 3° at various cross-sectional points. Our study provides a novel approach for the modulation of BlVVB based on atomic media, which holds potential applications in sensitive vector magnetometers, optical communications, and signal processing.