Revisión de los métodos diagnósticos de la Trombosis Venosa Profunda y Embolismo Pulmonar. Rol del Fragmento D de fibrina

Introduction. Venous thromboembolic disease, represented by deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, constitutes a highly prevalent pathology in both in- and out-of-hospital patients, with an increasing number of associated risk factors, some of them not represented in the risk and prognosis scales currently implemented, such as solid organ neoplastic and hematological pathologies, which have been associated with false positives in the results of tests such as D-dimer and recurrent thrombotic events, which makes it difficult to establish a diagnostic algorithm and anticoagulation time after resolution of the initial thrombotic event. Objective. To document the use of compression Doppler ultrasound of the lower limbs, Pulmonary Resonance Angiography (PRA), and Chest Computed Tomography with Iodine Mapping (CTIM) in patients with cancer and suspected thrombotic events have a negative predictive value comparable to D-dimer in the absence of cancer. Therefore, more significant implementation of these diagnostic strategies in the algorithms for these patients is required. Materials and methods. A search of published literature in the Medline (PubMed), OncoWeb, and CancerLit (HealthGate) databases, with the following MeSH terms: pulmonary embolism, venous thrombosis, neoplasms, diagnosis, D-dimer or fibrin fragment D, and epidemiology (epidemiology).