Impact of Oral Non-periodontal Pathogens (Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus) in the Induction of Cognitive Memory Impairment

Cognitive memory formation (CMF) plays a major role in the survival of all living organisms in their day-to-day life. Formation of this cognitive memory may depend on exposure to a new/continuous stimulus for a limited period. Formed cognitive memory is further categorized into two different categories based on their time of existence i.e. short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM). STM and LTM are differentiated based on protein synthesis-mediated memory formation. STM uses already existing proteins for memory formation which lasts for a limited time. Compared to STM, LTM uses protein synthesis machinery to form new proteins. Newly formed proteins may result in the formation of LTM which lasts for the entire life span. The present study showed the role of specific oral microorganisms (Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus) in the induction of cognitive impairment in a serene habituated environment. To identify the level of cognitive impairment induction, we have used a comparative two-step (non-infusive and infusive) behavioural analysis. Behavioural scores of non-infusive behavioural analysis (NBA) showed that a serene habituated environment does not have any impact on CMF. Compared to NBA, infusive behavioural scores showed that oral microbial infusions may have an impact on CMF. Comparative two-step behavioural analysis showed that microbial colonization of non-periodontitic microorganisms may also result in the induction of memory impairment in the brain. Formation of memory impairment may depend on the transport of toxins/primary/secondary metabolites from the gut to the brain through the blood-brain barrier (BBB).