Unveiling the therapeutic potential of nano based drug delivery methods for plumbagin and its future implications

The quinine derivative plumbagin (PLB), primarily sourced from the Plumbago zeylanica Linn. plant, exhibits a diverse array of pharmacological endeavors including antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, neuroprotective, antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects. Despite its promising therapeutic potential, plumbagin has been hindered by its inherent limitations such as poor bioavailability, instability and limited solubility in water. Over the past few decades, considerable efforts have been directed toward overcoming these challenges by developing advanced delivery platforms. These platforms aim to enhance the efficacy and applicability of plumbagin in various medical contexts. This comprehensive review aims to consolidate the extensive body of research elucidating the biopharmaceutical properties of plumbagin. It provides a detailed examination of the scientific evidence supporting its multifaceted therapeutic benefits while also shedding light on the obstacles hindering its clinical utility. Furthermore, the review delves into the innovative strategies devised to address the issues of solubility and bioavailability associated with plumbagin. In addition to discussing the current state of research on plumbagin, this study offers insights into the ongoing efforts to innovate drug delivery systems tailored specifically for plumbagin. Drawing from a wide spectrum of perspectives, it explores novel approaches and technologies that hold promise in optimizing the pharmacokinetic profile and therapeutic outcomes of plumbagin-based treatments. Delving deeply into the therapeutic advantages of plumbagin while tackling its inherent obstacles, this review artfully weaves together current insights and future trends to pave the way for innovative and effective PLB-centered therapies.