Association of Elevated Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio with Myocardial Infarction

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a widespread health condition affecting millions worldwide. Acute myocardial infarction is the most prevalent type of acute cardiac disease that is encountered by many populations, including the asymptomatic population. MI can have significant damage to heart tissue. The study was to evaluate the relationship between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the occurrence of myocardial infarction within the population of Hyderabad’s old city area, Sindh, Pakistan. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2022 at Sindh University Jamshoro and Liaquat University Hospital. The sample size of 200 participants with a convenience sampling technique was used for data collection from the population of Hyderabad, Sindh, selected after excluding 150 patients with various inflammatory conditions. The target population of 5 lakh of the main Hyderabad city area. The data analysis was done by using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and Pearson correlation using GraphPad Prism 5 with a significance threshold of P ≤ 0.05. Results: The descriptive results show that Males without Myocardial Infarction (MI) had a mean NLR of 2.7 with SD of 0.22, and females without MI had a mean NLR of 3.3 with Sd of 0.20, both within normal limits and inferential results show Males with MI showed a significantly higher NLR (mean = 4.1 with SD of 0.06 p = 0.0001, OR = 9), and females with MI had a mean NLR of 3.9 with SD of 0.07 (p = 0.0046, OR = 3.5), indicating a strong association between elevated NLR and MI. Conclusion: This study concludes that there is a relationship between raised NLR and AMI patients with raised neutrophils after acute myocardial injury.