Strokes at the Maradi Referral Hospital: Clinical Presentation, Treatment and Evolution

Introduction: Strokes, with their increasing frequency in sub-Saharan Africa, are on the verge of becoming an epidemic and constitute a real development problem. The aim of our work was to determine the sociodemographic aspects and risk factors of stroke at the Maradi referral hospital. Patients and methods: This was a prospective descriptive study from February 15, 2023 to August 15, 2023. Patients hospitalized in the Cardio-Neurology Department and those attending neurological consultations for stroke were included in the study. Results: A total of 106 patients were included, including 72.64% (n=72) ischemic stroke and 27.36% (n=29) haemorrhagic stroke. Men accounted for 56.60% (n=60) of cases; mean patient age was 58.10 years; patients aged 50-60 years made up 27.37% (n=29) of cases. Hemiplegia was the most frequent cause (98.11%) (n=104); language disorders were observed in 88.68% (n=94) of cases; headache 62.26%(n=66); balance disorders 83.96% (n=89) and consciousness disorders were rare in 28.30% (n=30) of cases. Stroke risk factors were dominated by: hypertension in 83.01% (n=88) of cases, dyslipidemia in: (Total = 50.57% (n=45), TG = 31.03% (n=27), HDL = 23.25% (n=20) and LDL = 67.82%(n=59) and overweight/obesity present in 68.87% (n=75) of our patients. Indeed, these risk factors for stroke are now fairly well identified; it is currently possible to influence most of them effectively, within the framework of primary prevention. Conclusion: In our countries where the technical platform remains limited, especially in terms of the management of these pathologies, it is more than necessary to strengthen primary prevention.