Integracja ekonomiczna imigrantów z Ukrainy w Polsce w kontekście trendów demograficznych

Russia’s aggression against Ukraine in 2014 and then in 2022 was associated with an influx of immigrants to Poland, unprecedented in recent history, most of whom found employment in Poland relatively quickly. The article aims to examine the factors influencing employment and declarations regarding the intention to remain in Poland permanently among various groups of immigrants from Ukraine remaining in Poland. Groups of men and women were analysed, as well as the division into refugees (forced immigrants) related to the full-scale war that began in 2022 and previous economic immigrants. It has been confirmed tha among all immigrants a very good knowledge of the Polish language has a positive impact on employment and declarations of settlement in Poland. However, the analyses confirm that the same factors often have different impacts on people belonging to different analysed groups. For example, knowledge of the Polish language was essential for finding work for female refugees. Still, it was not important to take up work by voluntary immigrants who arrived before the war. No negative impact of child benefits on the employment of forced immigrants was found, but in the case of previous immigrants, these benefits were associated with a significantly lower probability of employment. The differences in motivations of different groups of Ukrainian immigrants in Poland are important from the point of view of policies facilitating the economic integration of immigrants in Poland. They are also important for predicting the propensity for settlement migration in Poland or potential returns to Ukraine in the future