Modeling and Optimization of Thermal Dynamics for MPC Models in Sustainable Building Energy Systems

This paper investigates the practical implementation of models in the energy management of buildings for complex user behavior and the use of multiple heating technologies, focusing on the development of an accurate yet efficient model.The study is exemplified by the new Institute for Hydrogen and Energy Technology building at Hof University of Applied Sciences, designed as a research platform for innovative energy solutions.We address the integration of shading strategies and the subsequent model order reduction necessary for effective Model Predictive Control application.The research involves creating a simplified resistance-capacitance model of the building's thermal zones, including its heating systems and a dual faade with solar thermal collectors.This simplified model, generated using the BRCM Toolbox and validated against a detailed EnergyPlus model, accounts for dynamic discrepancies, particularly during periods of high solar radiation.Optimization techniques are applied to the simplified model across different seasons, revealing that season-specific optimizations are more effective for long-term simulations, while a combined optimization approach is suitable for short-term and year-round MPC applications.The results underscore the potential of advanced MPC strategies to enhance energy efficiency and sustainability in complex building systems with multiple renewable energy sources.