Dynamics of growth processes of domestic grape varieties in different types of terroirs

Abstract. The reaction of grape varieties on different edaphoclimatic conditions of various types of terroirs is shown. The research was carried out in the Black Sea viticulture zone of the Krasnodar region (subzone 1), Starotitarovskaya, the Piedmont zone (subzone 1), Goryachiy Klyuch, and the Central Zone (subzone 4), Krasnoselskoye, on technical dark-colored grape varieties Vladimir, Dmitriy and Kurchanskiy of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW breeding. The research year (2024) was characterized by increased solar insolation and a shortage of precipitation during the growing season of grape plants. Different edaphoclimatic conditions of various types of terroirs had different effects on leaf growth processes. The largest leaf size in all studied varieties is formed in the Central agroecological zone of viticulture (subzone 4), Krasnoselskoye. Thenfor the Vladimir and Kurchanskiy varieties, in descending order by leaf size, are the Black Sea zone (subzone 1), Starotitarovskaya, and Piedmont zone (subzone 1), Goryachiy Klyuch, for the Dmitriy variety – Goryachiy Klyuch and Starotitarovskaya. The largest number of leaves per shoot of all varieties was in the Starotitarovskaya (Vladimir 14,3; Dmitry 14.7; Kurchansky 14.3 pcs./shoot), followed by Goryachiy Klyuch (Vladimir 12,7; Dmitry 13.3; Kurchansky 12.3 pcs./shoot) and Krasnoselskoye (Vladimir 10,3; Dmitry 11.3; Kurchansky 12.3 pcs./shoot). The largest number of leaves in the studied varieties in the Starotitarovskaya is determined by milder weather and climatic conditions in the vicinity of the Black and Azov Seas, as well as large estuaries that increase humidity and soften air temperature during the growing season of grape plants. Keywords: leaf surface area, length of shoots, Kurchanskiy, Dmitriy, Vladimir