Educational Significance and Application Direction of Descriptive type and Essay type Assessment in the 2022 Revised Art Curriculum

To actively respond to the diversifying modern society, the ability to accept and utilize new knowledge creatively and critically is required, and the perspective on teaching methods and evaluation is changing accordingly. In particular, it is pointed out that it is difficult to adequately measure learners' understanding with the existing multiple-choice, short-answer, question-based evaluation. In Korea, descriptive type and essay type assessments are stipulated in the curriculum. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the direction of application of descriptive type and essay type assessments to the field of art education. To this end, the educational significance of these assessments was examined, and the contents related to descriptive type and essay type assessments were analyzed in the 2022 revised national art curriculum. As a result, it was confirmed that descriptive type and essay type assessments in the national art curriculum are useful in measuring students' advanced thinking skills such as analytical ability, critical ability, judgment, problem-solving ability, and creativity, and through this, it can lead to a virtuous cycle as a teaching method that can cultivate critical thinking skills. The significance of the study lies in the fact that such conclusions suggest a direction for future descriptive type and essay type assessments.