Incidence of Post Cesarean Section Infection in Emergency Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Benha University Hospital

Background: sepsis in the postpartum period is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality and morbidity mainly due to Surgical Site Infection (SSI). SSI incidence after Cesarean section (CS) increase the awareness for the importance of its prevention and improving maternal outcome; This study aimed to determine incidence, risk factors and management of SSI following CS in emergency unit of gynecology and obstetrics in Benha university hospital; Methods: This study was a prospective study conducted in Emergency Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics Benha University Hospital in the period from 1st August to 28th February 2024 over 500 female patients; Results: Among the studied cases there were 33 (6.6%) with SSI, 7 (21.2%) with deep incisional SSI, 11 (33.3%) with organ/space SSI and 15 (45.5%) with superficial incisional SSI. There were 30 (84.8%) managed by medical (dressings and antibiotics), 3 (6.1%) by surgical exploration. There was statistically significant difference between the two studied groups regarding age and BMI, parity, ANC visits and obesity, and operation data and complications; Conclusion: There are significant risk factors for SSI such as, High parity, emergency CS, gestational age (less than 37 weeks), protracted labor (more than 24 hours), blood loss (more than 1000 milliliters), extended surgical time (more than 1 hour), chorioamnionitis, PROM, absence of ANC visits, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Addressing these risk factors lower the chance of developing SSI after CS and may improve the result of the procedure. Keywords: sepsis, postpartum period, maternal mortality and morbidity, Cesarean section, Surgical Site Infection.