Optimal allocation of low-impact development facilities for urban runoff reduction

In the context of global climate change and urbanization development, the intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall events have increased significantly, while the proportion of impermeable surfaces in cities has been increasing. These changes have led to frequent urban flooding, which seriously affects the safety of people's lives and properties and restricts the high-quality development of urbanization. Low-impact development (LID) is an important way to effectively mitigate urban flooding. How to obtain the optimal runoff control effect through the deployment of LID facilities in the construction of sponge cities is an urgent problem to be solved. This study proposed a novel implementation framework for LID optimization based on SCS-CN model and used data from Shenzhen to verify the effects. The results shows that the optimization of LID facilities proves to be effective in flooding mitigation. The results of this study can support decision-making for urban flood mitigation and sponge city construction.