Enhancing low-illumination imagery using a Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network with weight regularization (DCGAN-WR) and Zero-Reference Deep Curve Estimation (DCE)

Abstract Improving low-light images to enhance prediction in various applications has a greater advantage. A two-pronged approach that employs Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks with weight regularization (DCGAN-WR) and Zero-Reference Deep Curve Estimation (DCE) was used. The model was trained using the LOL dataset, and the results showed significant improvements in image quality. The DCGAN is fine-tuned with Group Lasso regularization to enhance the performance. The DCGAN-WR model is shown to enhance images realistically, demonstrating its capacity to learn characteristics and texture representations from low-light input. Empirical and simulated image comparisons demonstrate remarkable performance under demanding low-light settings. Moreover, the DCE model employs a novel approach that considers color constancy loss, light smoothness, and spatial consistency. Information about the learning dynamics and curve parameter changing capabilities of the model can be visualized by loss function graphs, which aim to maximize picture quality. Compared to the original images, Images generated by the DCE models maintain color accuracy, increase exposure levels, and preserve spatial coherence. A solution for low-illumination image enhancement is achieved through the proposed model DCGAN-WR and DCE. Genuine details are recorded by the GAN model, while the DCE adjusts the exposure levels and color balance to produce improved, aesthetically pleasing, and contextually accurate images. The proposed approach not only outperforms the other methods on the LOL dataset but also exhibits potential for practical use in computer vision tasks, which require higher image quality for precise analysis and interpretation.