Representation of Natural Disasters in Literature: from Mythological Tales to Modern Narratives

This study explores the evolution of literary representations of natural disasters, tracing their transformation from mythological to scientific interpretations across various cultures and historical periods. Natural disasters have significantly influenced human cultures, belief systems, and literary traditions, serving as both cautionary tales and reflections of societal values. By examining key literary works – from ancient texts like the Mesopotamian Epic of Gilgamesh to contemporary climate fiction – this research highlights pivotal shifts in how societies understand and depict catastrophic events. The analysis identifies themes such as the transition from supernatural explanations to naturalistic interpretations, the increasing emphasis on human agency in environmental crises, and the nuanced portrayals of resilience in the face of disaster. Notable literary figures, including Dante, Shakespeare, and modern authors like John Steinbeck, Kim Stanley Robinson, Julian Barns and others illustrate these trends, showing how narratives have adapted to reflect contemporary scientific knowledge and environmental awareness. This article also deals with the vital role literature plays in shaping societal perceptions of nature and disaster, revealing deeper cultural and intellectual shifts. By bridging historical literary analysis and current ecological concerns, the study demonstrates how narratives can foster a deeper understanding of humanity's relationship with the natural world and inform responses to ongoing environmental challenges. Ultimately, this research emphasizes the importance of literary discourse in addressing the urgent issues posed by climate change and natural disasters in the 21st century.