The Effect of Eight Weeks of Moderate-Intensity Interval Training on Uncarboxylated Osteocalcin Levels and Insulin Resistance Markers in Obese Women

Background: Osteocalcin (OC) carboxylation functions as a hormone in glucose metabolism, enhancing insulin secretion, sensitivity, and energy consumption. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of eight weeks of moderate-intensity interval training on uncarboxylated OC levels and insulin resistance markers in obese women. Methods: This semi-experimental study included 20 obese women aged 35 to 45, who were randomly divided into two groups: An experimental group (10 participants) and a control group (10 participants). The moderate-intensity interval training program lasted eight weeks, with three sessions per week, each lasting 20 to 40 minutes, at an intensity of 50% to 75% of maximum heart rate. A one-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to assess intra-group and inter-group changes. Results: The moderate-intensity interval training program resulted in significant reductions in weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, insulin levels, and the Insulin Resistance Index. Additionally, uncarboxylated OC levels and maximal oxygen consumption significantly increased by the end of the study period. Time interaction changes within the group were statistically significant for waist-to-hip ratio, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, and maximal oxygen consumption. Conclusions: Moderate-intensity interval training increased uncarboxylated OC levels and decreased the Insulin Resistance Index in obese women. These findings suggest that moderate-intensity interval training can be recommended as a preventive or therapeutic strategy for managing obesity and potential metabolic diseases associated with obesity.