Caracterização de medicamentos veterinários em fazendas leiteiras de Tupã, Brasil

Objective – This study aimed to characterize the profile of veterinary drug usage on thirteen dairy farms in Tupã, São Paulo. Methodology - Structured questionnaires were applied to milk producers in the region of Tupã - SP, investigating the types of drugs used, frequency of application and possible dosage deviations. Originality/relevance - The use of veterinary drugs in dairy cattle is a common practice for disease prevention and treatment. However, their inappropriate use can cause serious public health problems, such as the presence of residues in milk and increased microbial resistance. Results - The most frequently cited drugs were oxytetracycline (61.5%), silver nitrate and sulfadiazine (61.5%), ivermectin (46.2%) and oxytocin (46.2%). Most producers used therapeutic drugs sporadically, but 62.5% of those using oxytetracycline reported a repeated use throughout the year. Although prophylactic use of dewormers is common, only one producer reported excessive use of ivermectin. These findings reinforce the need for greater control and guidance in the use of veterinary drugs to ensure herd health, avoid chemical residues in milk, and prevent the emergence of microbial resistance. Social and environmental contributions - The study reinforces the importance of good practices in drug administration to ensure the sustainability of dairy production and food safety.