ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE PATTERNS IN GRAM POSITIVE UROPATHOGENS IN CHILDREN

Background:Children and infants are commonly infected with UTIs due to several anatomical reasons and hygiene measures. This study was conducted to see antibiotic-resistant patterns in Gram Positive Uropathogens in children in Children's Hospital, Lahore. The most common organisms causing UTI in children are gram-negative pathogens but some gram-positive pathogens.Materials &Methods:Urine samples obtained from 200 children taken with non-probability,convenient method presenting with UTI were cultured on CLED agar and then drug sensitivitytesting of isolated gram positive bacteria (n=25) was performed using Disk diffusion (Kirby Bauer)method on Muller Hinton agar plates as per standard laboratory guidelines.A descriptive study(cross-sectional)was conducted to assess sensitivityagainst Ampicillin, Cotrimoxazole,amoxicillin, cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, tobramycin, amikacin, Sulbactam, Nitrofurantoin, andPolymixin B.Results:The mean age of children in this study was 2.4 years from 0 to 5 years. Among Gram positive uropathogens Staphylococcus aureus (65%) was the commonest organism isolated. Enterococci were isolated in 25% of cases. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were 10%. Gram positive cocci included Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus Aureus (MSSA) (50%) and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococci (MRSA) (50%). The highest resistance was noted against Ampicillin (68%). The lowest resistance was noted against tobramycin (24%).Conclusion:Emerging antibiotic resistance has rendered many first-line drugs ineffective against UTI-causing organisms and treatment regimens need to be revised.Keywords: Urinary Tract Infection, Urinalysis, Gram Positive Uropathogens, Antibiotic sensitivity, Resistance