Optimization and assessment of a hybrid geothermal heat pump and wind turbine system in Izmir, Turkey: A 4E analysis approach

This study explores the optimization and performance of a hybrid energy system combining a geothermal heat pump (GHP) with a wind turbine in Izmir, Turkey. Utilizing a 4E (Energy, Exergy, Economic, and Exergoenvironmental) analysis approach, the system aims to enhance winter heating efficiency. Geothermal heat pumps leverage the Earth's consistent temperatures for heating and cooling, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional energy sources. Key findings include a high coefficient of performance (COP) of 3.916 for the heat pump, a net power output of 118.9 kW, total energy efficiency of 67.93 %, and exergy efficiency of 45.18 %. Economically, the system proves viable with a unit exergy cost of 0.1246 $/kWh, highlighting its cost-effectiveness. The exergoenvironmental analysis demonstrates a factor of 0.8059, indicating a substantial reduction in environmental impact. The integration of geothermal and wind energy demonstrates substantial potential for sustainable energy solutions, crucial for environmental conservation and economic advancement. This comprehensive evaluation highlights the system's operational dynamics, presenting an innovative approach to renewable energy utilization.