Deep Learning-Based Network Intrusion Detection Systems

With the rapid growth of the internet, the security threats to computer networks have escalated significantly, making the reduction and prevention of cybercrime a top priority in the digital age. Traditional Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) struggle with limitations in detection accuracy and real-time performance as attackers employ increasingly sophisticated techniques. In recent years, deep learning has emerged as a prominent solution in the NIDS field due to its powerful capabilities in feature extraction and classification. This paper reviews the application of deep learning in NIDS, with a focus on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM), and their hybrid models. The paper discusses the strengths of these models in capturing spatial and temporal features and examines their performance on key datasets such as KDD Cup 99 and UNSW-NB15. Additionally, the paper addresses challenges related to computational complexity, real-time performance, and model interpretability, while suggesting future research directions, including model optimization, lightweight architectures, and improved interpretability. Finally, the potential of Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) in advancing NIDS design and enhancing response capabilities is explored. This study offers valuable insights for further research and development in NIDS.