Preparation and properties of LSMW–CSPG solid composite electrolyte for IT-SOFCS

Composite electrolytes of La[Formula: see text]Sm[Formula: see text]Mo[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] (LSMW) and Ce[Formula: see text]Sm[Formula: see text]Pr[Formula: see text]Gd[Formula: see text] O[Formula: see text] (CSPG) with varying molar ratios of 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, and 5:5 were synthesized using the sol–gel method. The characterization and electrochemical performances of the composite electrolyte LSMW–CSPG were studied. The experimental results reveal that when the composite electrolytes are pressed into discs and sintered at 850[Formula: see text]C for 3 h, they exhibit relative densities above 95% and sintering shrinkage rates below 4%, indicating high sintering activity. The conductivity of the LSMW–CSPG composite electrolyte increases with temperature and CSPG dosage, initially rising and then declining. The maximum conductivity was observed for the LSMW–CSPG composite with a molar ratio of 7:3, which was three times higher than that of the LSMW electrolyte alone, reaching 0.0298 S ⋅ cm[Formula: see text] at 800[Formula: see text]C. The activation energy for this composite was determined to be 1.46 eV.