Progress and optimization of CRISPR-Cas9/12 application in CAR-T therapy

CAR-T therapy and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology have shown great potential in cancer treatment and gene editing, respectively. Combining these two technologies can significantly improve the effect of cancer treatment. However, CAR-T therapy has problems such as complex production, toxicity and functional failure, while CRISPR/Cas9 technology faces challenges such as off-target effects. This study first reviewed the basic principles of CAR-T therapy and CRISPR/Cas9 technology and their current application status, analyzed the feasibility of applying CRISPR/Cas9 technology to CAR-T therapy, including optimization strategies and examples, and focused on how to reduce off-target effects and enhance T cell function and persistence. The results showed that the application of CRISPR-Cas9/12 technology in CAR-T therapy significantly improved the accuracy of gene editing, therapeutic effects and the realization of personalized medicine. Nevertheless, these advances are also accompanied by ethical issues, especially in areas related to human genes. Therefore, future research needs to pay close attention to and address ethical issues while improving therapeutic effects.