Genetic variants and influence in cognitive diseases

The relationship between genetic variation and cognitive ability has become a central focus in modern genetics and neuroscience. Cognitive functions are complex traits influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Over the past decades, advances in genomic technologies, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), have revealed a multitude of genetic variants associated with cognitive performance. One of the most studied types of genetic variation are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which represent the most common form of variation in the human genome. Evidence indicates that copy number variations (CNVs) play an important role along with the SNPs.