Vacuum Rabi splitting as a manifestation of virtual two-mode squeezing: Extracting the squeezing parameters from frequency shifts

Vacuum Rabi splitting relies on symmetrical splitting of the common resonance frequency of atoms and the cavity in which the atoms reside. In this work, we argue that vacuum Rabi splitting is a manifestation of virtual light-matter two-mode squeezing. We establish a connection between squeezing parameters of virtual excitations and frequency shifts of the physical modes, which allows to nondestructively extract the squeezing parameters without measuring correlations. To this end, we use the mapping between the Dicke model and two interacting harmonic oscillators, which we analyze in the framework of bare and physical modes.