Two-neutrino double electron capture of <sup>124</sup>Xe in the first LUX-ZEPLIN exposure
Abstract The broad physics reach of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment covers rare phenomena beyond the direct detection of dark matter. We report precise measurements of the extremely rare decay of 124 Xe through the process of two-neutrino double electron capture, utilizing a 1.39 kg × yr isotopic exposure from the first LZ science run. A half-life of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mi>EC</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mspace width="0.25em"/> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.09</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.1</mml:mn> <mml:msub> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mspace width="0.1em"/> <mml:mtext>stat</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.0</mml:mn> <mml:msub> <mml:mn>5</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>sys</mml:mtext> <mml:mspace width="0.1em"/> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mn>22</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mspace width="0.25em"/> <mml:mi>yr</mml:mi> </mml:math> is observed with a statistical significance of 8.3 σ , in agreement with literature. First empirical measurements of the KK capture fraction relative to other K-shell modes were conducted, and demonstrate consistency with respect to recent signal models at the 1.4 σ level.
Authors
- J. W. Bargemann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4151-955X)
- M. Yeh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2244-0499)
- K. J. Palladino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5175-5628)
- R. L. Kirk (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226)
- A. Biekert
- D. Q. Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6619-6032)
- E. Hartigan-O’Connor
- A. K. Al Musalhi
- Tyler Anderson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7113-6840)
- W. Zha (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6094-9574)
- L. Kreczko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2341-8330)
- J. Lin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8150)
- R. Gibbons
- F. Alder
- H. J. Birch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7476-8045)
- Donald F. Hunt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2815-6368)
- S. Shaw (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2345-207X)
- V. N. Solovov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0659-7034)
- E. D. Fraser
- G. Pereira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9156-4239)
- N. Parveen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7078-438X)
- D. S. Akerib
- R. L. Mannino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0866-6344)
- D. R. Tovey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5543-6192)
- Jing Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8084-5609)
- D. Yeum
- M. Arthurs (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9213-6727)
- T. Pershing
- E. Mizrachi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6047-3588)
- Audrius Vaitkus
- V. Velan
- T. P. Biesiadzinski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-8629)
- E. Morrison
- B. J. Mount (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7059-5090)
- D. Khaitan
- E. Jacquet
- P. Sørensen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5056-9391)
- S. Kravitz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2403-9105)
- L. Korley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1168-9195)
- V. A. Kudryavtsev (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7018-5827)
- N. Fieldhouse
- S. A. Hertel
- J. B. Mclaughlin
- John M. DelGaudio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0132-8545)
- M.A. Hernández (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-2958)
- D. Kodroff
- D. Santone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8653-3427)
- A. Chawla (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1905-2591)
- M. Murdy
- C. Hall (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4243-8265)
- S. Balashov
- S. Woodford
- M. Szydagis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9334-4659)
- Graham McDowell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2302-2598)
- Jemima Tranter
- Erin Bishop (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9914-4754)
- W. J. Wisniewski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7196-6297)
- E. A. Zweig (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-7509)
- J. Genovesi
- J. E. Y. Dobson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-598X)
- E. Druszkiewicz
- J. J. Haiston
- F. L. H. Wolfs (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8693-1196)
- B. Suerfu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0259-7392)
- A. Cottle (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4274-3622)
- B. Boxer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5636-9880)
- A S J Murphy
- C. A. Rhyne
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- M. Trask
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- I. Olcina (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5569-6234)
- Ruben Coronel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9433-6119)
- K. Wild
- L. de Viveiros (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-2361)
- R. S. James (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3937-5435)
- Alexander A. Baker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-0858)
- I. Lopes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0419-903X)
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- D. Rynders
- Simon Patton (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3260-6790)
- Levi John Wolf (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0274-599X)
- Q. Xia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2661-0002)
- D. N. McKinsey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5723-2409)
- Chris J. Wright (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2375-8159)
- Jaebak Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2072-6082)
- K. T. Lesko (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0149-5231)
- J J Wang
- J. Aalbers (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0030-0030)
- H. S. Riyat
- F. Neves (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3635-1083)
- Edwin L. Ritchey
- Q. Riffard (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4478-1107)
- A. Kamaha (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1553-8474)
- C. Silva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1771-1517)
- G. R. C. Rischbieter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8190-7998)
- C E Dahl
- G. M. Blockinger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6914-3793)
- M. V. Converse
- K. Beattie (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5026-2023)
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- T. Fruth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8555-355X)
- D. Woodward (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4184-7091)
- C. S. Amarasinghe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7789-651X)
- A. B. M. R. Sazzad (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9616-9852)
- T. Rushton
- H. M. Araújo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5972-2783)
- H. Nelson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5592-0785)
- N. M. Fearon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-6746)
- A. Geffre
- M. E. Monzani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8254-5308)
- K. C. Oliver-Mallory (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1087-1219)
- P. Brás (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7012-9932)
- S. J. Haselschwardt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1644-9887)
- A. Manalaysay (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5829-0297)
- A. Lindote (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7965-807X)
- C. Maupin
- M. Horn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1624-9890)
- S. Burdin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-4132)
- S. Dubey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1345-0970)
- S. Fiorucci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3308-0222)
- S. R. Eriksen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5298-7092)
- M. Buuck (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5751-4326)
- C. Ghag (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6836-9475)
- T. J. Sumner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3572-600X)
- Jennifer Kingston (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3605-5842)
- W. Lorenzon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-8463)
- W. H. Lippincott (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7279-6090)
- A. Ames (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8249-714X)
- L. Weeldreyer
- N. J. Pannifer
- G. J. Homenides (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9418-7480)
- R. McMonigle
- E. E. Barillier
- J. Siniscalco
- O. Valentino
- L. Di Felice
- M. Kannichankandy
- Andrew Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8729-0933)
- Ding Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0407-7542)
- Michael Carter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8423-6747)
- Jonathan Green (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9875-9431)
- Young Dong Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4365-4544)
- A. Bhatti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6647-2110)
- J. P. Johnson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0206-0520)
- D. S. Leonard
- J. Soria (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-362X)
- Jean Watson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-7467)
- Sourav Dey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4272-755X)
- M. McCarthy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5076-5365)
- S. Luitz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4877-3232)
- N. Chott
- A. Nguyen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-9497)
- K. Y. Oyulmaz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5533-9621)
- G. Sehr
- C. L. O'Brien
- A. Naylor (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4757-2802)
- I. Khurana
- J. D. Palmer
- H. Kraus
- E. V. Korolkova
- A. Monte
- C. Lu
- S. Han
- K. Stifter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0263-175X)
- A. C. Kaboth
- A. David
- J. J. Silk
- J. Orpwood
- A. Vacheret
- R. J. E. Smith (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8516-3324)
- A. Stevens (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2329-0509)
- T. Shutt
- J. E. Armstrong
- C. Levy
- R. J. Gaitskell
- C. Brew
- Z Tong
- P. A. Majewski
- A. Piepke
- J. Reichenbacher
- G. Heuermann
- D. R. Tiedt
- H. Flaecher
- M. Timalsina
- M. Tripathi
- G. Sinev
- G. A. Cox
- M. G. D. van der Grinten
- Y. T. Chin
- A. Khazov
- T. J. Whitis
- S. Gokhale
- N. Angelides
- J. Bang
- D. Curran
- B.D. Shafer
- A. Fan
- E Perry
- Y. Qie
- R. Rosero
- H Chen
- Y. Xu
- Y. Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4693-5365)
Institutions
- Northwestern University (US)
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (GB)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (US)
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of Alabama (US)
- Royal Holloway University of London (GB)
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology (US)
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (US)
- University of Zurich (CH)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Brown University (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- LIP - Laboratory of Instrumentation and Experimental Particle Physics (PT)
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (US)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- University at Albany, State University of New York (US)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (US)
- Lawrence Livermore National Security (US)
- Vatican Observatory (IT)
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (US)
- University College London (GB)
- Imperial College London (GB)
- University of Rochester (US)
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Black Hills State University (US)
- University of Coimbra (PT)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- University of Sheffield (GB)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Physics G Nuclear and Particle Physics
- Published
- 2024-12-06
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ad9039
- Citations
- 6
- Primary Topic
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.96
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- UK Research and Innovation
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Institute for Basic Science
- Office of Science
- Science and Technology Facilities Council
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
- High Energy Physics