The Neural Mechanism Underlying The Effect of Musical Training on Phonological Awareness of preschoolers : A Meta-Analysis

Introduction. This paper reviews the research evidence on the impact of music training on children's phonological awareness in the past decade, and discusses the theoretical basis and explanatory model of how music training may promote phonological awareness. Procedure. This paper combs through the experimental evidence on the impact of music training on children's phonological awareness in the past ten years, and discusses some of the regulatory factors that may affect the research results, as well as the neural basis and explanatory model of music training's impact on children’s phonological awareness, and finally looks forward to future research prospects. Results. Music training promotes the auditory processing of speech by affecting the basic auditory neural pathways. Rhythm training promotes the perception of speech duration information, and pitch training promotes the perception of speech frequency information. Music training affects the neural network of speech processing, to further promote phonetic coding, among which rhythm training mainly promotes the recognition and coding of consonants, rhymes and syllables, and pitch training promotes the recognition and coding of vowels, rhymes and syllables. Sound training enhances the relationship between auditory and motor brain areas. Conclusion: The integration of information between the two enhances the motor representation of speech, and the auditory-motor integration ability further improves the quality of speech representation. Research in this field not only reveals the cognitive neural mechanism of human language development, but also has very important practical significance and application value in the field of children's education.