Empowerment typologies of female entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe: overcoming socio-economic challenges

Purpose Female entrepreneurs in tourism are increasingly asserting themselves, yet there is a need to examine the psychological empowerment dimensions of their entrepreneurial journeys. This study aims to address this gap by defining psychological empowerment typologies of female entrepreneurs operating in challenging socio-economic contexts in urban Zimbabwe. Design/methodology/approach This research used data from face-to-face and online interviews with 20 female entrepreneurs in urban Zimbabwe. Findings The study identified four distinct typologies of psychologically empowered entrepreneurs: resilient, collaborative, social change and authentic entrepreneurs. These typologies show unique patterns of intrapersonal, interactional, behavioural and relational empowerment dimensions, highlighting the multidimensional nature of psychological empowerment among female entrepreneurs. Originality/value This research makes an original contribution by exploring psychological empowerment typologies among female entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe. It examines the intersection of socio-economic challenges and empowerment dynamics and identifies distinct typologies. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers, support organisations and female entrepreneurs to design targeted interventions that enhance entrepreneurial empowerment and promote gender equality.